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Slide 1 SEMANTICS Week 8 Conversation and Co operation Week 8 Conversation and co operation Group 8 (K18B) Pham Thanh Huyen (88) Pham Thanh Huyen (86) Ngo Thu Huyen Do Kieu Lan Tran Thi Khuong Lien Nguyen Thi Mien Nguyen Thi Ha My Nguyen Thi Hoang My Cao Thi Huyen Nga Nham Thi Thanh Ngan Nguyen Thi Hien (K15B) Instructor Dr Ha Cam Tam NGO THU HUYEN By saying A > one means A Do you love me? Yes, I do By saying A > one means B Who else? Do you love me? Adam Eva Conversation and co operation Grice.
SEMANTICS Week 8: Conversation and Co-operation Week Conversation and co-operation Group (K18B) Pham Thanh Huyen (88) Pham Thanh Huyen (86) Ngo Thu Huyen Do Kieu Lan Tran Thi Khuong Lien Nguyen Thi Mien Nguyen Thi Ha My Nguyen Thi Hoang My Cao Thi Huyen Nga 10 Nham Thi Thanh Ngan 11 Nguyen Thi Hien (K15B) Instructor: Dr Ha Cam Tam NGO THU HUYEN By saying A -> one means A Do you love me? Yes, I By saying A -> one means B Who else? Do you love me? Adam Eva Conversation and co-operation Grice saw communication as governed by a cooperative principle A number of maxims follow as a result of assuming the cooperative principle The CP and maxims can be used to explain a number 1.2.of features 2.1 Definition of maxims 1.1 of communication Cooperative Implicature: principle decode and Category maxims There are a number2.2 of problems withofthe Gricean approach infer 3.1 Conclusion Basic outline Maxims of the Gricean of approach to Reference Quantity pragmatics Maxims of Quality 3.2 Maxim Maxim ViolationMaxims of ( + Exercises)of Relation Manner CAO THI HUYEN NGA Conversation and co-operation Grice saw communication as governed by a cooperative principle 1.1 Implicature: decode and infer 1.2 Cooperative principle Conversation and co-operation 1.1 Implicature: decode and infer Example: How you think that Jack works out what Lily means? Jack: Did you enjoy Animal Farm? Lily: I only like detective stories Why doesn’t Jack just stick with what Lily has actually said— why doesn’t he assume that Lily is simply telling himWHY? that she only likes detective stories? How you think that Jack works out what Lily means? + How is it HOW? that he actually works out what this further bit of meaning is? Exercise JOHN: Where’s Meredith? ELIZABETH: The control room or the science lab What is Elizabeth implying? What maxim creates that implicature, and why? Answer Q2 Maxim Violated: Quantity; Elizabeth didn’t give as much information as John wanted (Meredith’s exact location), but instead gave a weaker statement (giving two possible options) • Implication: Elizabeth doesn’t know which of the two places Meredith is Grice saw communication as governed by a cooperative principle A number of maxims follow as a result of assuming the cooperative principle The CP and maxims can be used to explain a number of features of communication There are a number of problems with the Gricean approach Conclusion Reference NGUYEN THI MIEN 4.1 Much of what Grice himself says is pretty obscure though Grice’s maxim of manner requires speakers to avoid obscurity Saying Explicit and obviously clear speaker Not explicit and not clear hearer i ure t a c i mpl 4.2 Grice had no systematic account of how you might go from rationality in general to the CP and Maxims in particular According to him, the CP is simply a description of what does happen 4.3 For Grice, the CP and Maxims can only be used to account for the retrieval of implicatures it seems to have been forgotten that orienting towards the CP does not entail being explicit Grice saw communication as governed by a cooperative principle A number of maxims follow as a result of assuming the cooperative principle The CP and maxims can be used to explain a number of features of communication There are a number of problems with the Gricean approach Conclusion Reference NGUYEN THI HIEN According to Grice’s insight: *Communication is a cooperative activity We try to cooperate with one another to construct meaningful conversations *The cooperative principle can be divided into four maxims ( Quantity, Quality,Relation and Manner) The simplest way to think of Grice’s maxims is general rules we follow in conversation + However, that’s not entirely accurate The interesting thing about these “rules” is that often, we don’t follow them Sometimes, maxim violations are creative It means we use these maxim violations to generate the implicature Grice saw communication as governed by a cooperative principle A number of maxims follow as a result of assuming the cooperative principle The CP and maxims can be used to explain a number of features of communication There are a number of problems with the Gricean approach Conclusion Reference Reference 1.Jenny Thomas “ Interaction: an Introduction to Pragmatics” Longman London and New York Blakemore, D 1992 Understanding Utterances Oxford: Blackwell Grice, Paul (1975) "Logic and conversation" Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press (1989) Grice, H P (1975) Logic and Conversation In Martinich, A.P (ed) Philosophy of Language (175) New York, NY: Oxford University Press ... HUYEN NGA Conversation and co-operation Grice saw communication as governed by a cooperative principle 1.1 Implicature: decode and infer 1.2 Cooperative principle Conversation and co-operation 1.1... Eva Conversation and co-operation Grice saw communication as governed by a cooperative principle A number of maxims follow as a result of assuming the cooperative principle The CP and maxims can... stories (1) Lily is not obeying the CP and maxims Not informative and relevant ways to interpret Lily’s intention (2) Lily is obeying the CP and maxims Informative and relevant Intended meaning can